Immunization / Vaccination Services

Immunization / Vaccination Services include preventive immunization of newborns, infants, children, adolescents, adults and elderly.

Immunization Schedule for children 0-5 years

Ist year vaccines

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BCG

Is a vaccine against TB or Tuberculosis and is given intradermally on left shoulder.

IPV

Injectable Polio Vaccine.

OPV

Oral Polio Vaccine.IPV is the preferred mode of immunization, however a combination of IPV and OPV will give better protection.

DTAP/DTWP DIPHTHERIA,TETANUS PERTUSSIS (WHOOPING COUGH) - PERTUSSIS

Vaccine is available as aP – (acellular Pertussis) and wP (whole cell pertussis).
They are both very effective vaccines, the only difference between the two being that ‘aP’ –gives lesser reactions like fever and pain at site of injection than ‘wP’.
‘aP’ is however very useful in children with history of birth anoxia/trauma and febrile convulsions etc.

HIB

Is a bacteria called Haemophilus Infuenzae B which causes blood infections (Septicemia), ear infections and brain infections (meningitis) in children under the age of 5 years.

ROTAVIRUS VACCINE

This vaccine is given in 2 or 3 doses before the age of 6 months and is given orally to prevent diarrhoea caused by rotavirus.

MEASLES

Measles alone or Measles, Mumps and Rubella (German Measles) MMR may be given when the baby is 9 months complete.

FLU VACCINE

Is given from the age of 7-9 months. Two doses in the first year – 4-6 weeks apart.

TYPHOID CONJUGATE VACCINE

Prevents typhoid fever. This may be repeated 1-2 years later. No subsequent doses are required.

 

Vaccines in 2nd year

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Vaccines in 3rd and 4th year

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• Flu Vaccine may be given every year .

• Typhoid Conjugate Vaccine may be repeated at age 2 years. If no typhoid vaccine has been given earlier, it can be administered at any age – and a booster dose may be give after 2 years.

• Meningococcal Vaccine prevents one of the most serious forms of meningitis caused by meningococci. It is given in a single dose (in India) after the age of 2 years – till adolescent and young adulthood.

• Vaccines at 4 ½ - 5 years

• DTaP +IPV booster , MMR and Chicken Pox Boosters and any catch up vaccines which may not have been given for any reason earlier.

 

SO YOU THOUGHT VACCINES WERE ONLY FOR CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS !

HERE’S WHY – AND WHAT OF VACCINES IN DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS.

 

VACCINES FOR OLDER CHILDREN/ADOLESCENTS,ADULTS,ELDERLY : VACCINES PREVENT DISEASE, DISABILITY AND DEATH IN ALL AGE GROUPS.

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AGE GROUP – VACCINES FOR OLDER CHILDREN & ADOLESCENTS (5-6 YEARS TO 18 YEARS)

5 years

• a) DTaP booster

• b) MMR (MUMPS, MEASLES, RUBELLA) booster

• c) Chicken Pox booster

• d) And may be a catch up Typhoid booster

 

10 years Tap booster

15-18 years Tap booster

 

For Girls

HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) vaccine, also known to cause Cancer of the Cervix (mouth of uterus) given in 3 doses a) zero, 1 and 6 months
OR
b) zero, 2 and 6 months.

 

This vaccine is recommended for females from 10 years to 45 years age

 

From pre-sexual exposure till 45 years – since the HPV virus is transmitted by way of sexual exposure from male to female.

Meningococcal Vaccine prevents most deadly meningitis caused by MENINGOCOCCUS is given from age 2 years to 50 years but more commonly to children and adolescents, school going or in hostels.
Its given as a single dose vaccine.

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VACCINES FOR ADULTS

Tetanus Vaccine
a) Needs to be given to all adults every 5-10 years.
b) No in between doses are required in between for trivial injuries – unless there is a major accident/trauma.

 

Hepatitis B Vaccine
a) Is given in 3 doses at zero, one and 6 month interval.
b) If given in childhood, it does not need to be repeated later at any stage.
c) But if not vaccinated in childhood, all adults must receive this vaccine irrespective of age.

 

Typhoid Vaccine
a) Typhoid is a water and food borne disease – which can be transmitted to both children and adults – since our public hygiene leaves a lot to be desired.
b) Two doses of this relatively new conjugate typhoid vaccines given at 1-2 years intervals gives long lasting immunity. So this vaccine is a must for children, adolescents and adults.

 

Hepatitis A Vaccine
Hepatitis A Vaccine is given for prevention against hepatitis A or the water borne jaundice and is recommended for infants, children, adolescents and adults in 2 doses at zero and 6 months interval.

 

VACCINES FOR THE ELDERLY

Pneumococcal Vaccine Prevenar 13 is a vaccine which must be given to the elderly in a single dose after the age of 55 years to prevent bacterial pneumonia caused by the bacteria Pneumococcus.

 

Flu Vaccine
a) Is administered every year from age 6-7 months onwards.
b) It is especially important for the elderly i.e. 50 years plus.

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